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ospf实验

news 2025/4/21 16:37:10

一、实验拓扑

二、实验需求

  1. R5为ISP，其上只能配置IP地址；R4作为企业边界路由器出口，公网地址需要通过ppp协议获取，并进行chap认证
  2. 整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分
  3. 所有设备均可访问R5的环回
  4. 减少LSA的更新量，加快收敛，保障更新安全
  5. 全网可达

三、实验思路——需求解读

  1. R5为ISP，只配IP地址，有环回；
  2. R4使用NAT地址转发，手动chap认证
  3. 加速收敛，缩短hello包的时间
  4. 172.16.0.0/16网段划分

四、配置

        4.1配置各设备IP地址和环回接口IP

[r1]int g0/0/0                  
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip ad 1.1.1.1 24
[r2]int g 0/0/0	
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip ad 2.2.2.2 24
[r3]int g 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.3 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.1 26
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip ad 3.3.3.3 24
[r4]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.0.129 26
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.2 26
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 172.16.0.65 26
[r5]int s 4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]ip ad 100.0.0.1 24
[r5-Serial4/0/0]int l 0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip ad 5.5.5.5 24
[r6]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.2.1 25
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.66 26

[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.0.130 26
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.3.1 25
[r8]int g0/0/0 
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.3.2 25
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.3.129 25
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip ad 8.8.8.8 24
[r9]int g0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.3.130 25
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.4.1 24
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[r9-LoopBack0]ip ad 9.9.9.9 24
[r10]int g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.4.2 24
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r10-LoopBack0]ip ad 10.10.10.10 24
[r11]int g0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.2.2 25
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.2.129 25
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[r11-LoopBack0]ip ad 11.11.11.11 24
[r12]int g0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.2.130 25
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r12-LoopBack0]ip ad 10.0.1.1 24
[r12-LoopBack0]int l 1
[r12-LoopBack1]ip ad 10.0.2.1 24

        4.2R5配置ppp，R5和R4配置chap认证

[r5] aaa
[r5-aaa] local-user client1 password cipher 123456
[r5-aaa] local-user client1 service-type ppp[r5] interface Serial4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0] link-protocol ppp
[r5-Serial4/0/0] ppp authentication-mode chap
[r5-Serial4/0/0] remote address pool PPP_POOL
[r4]int s4/0/1
[r4-Serial4/0/1]ppp chap user client1
[r4-Serial4/0/1]ppp chap password cipher 123456
[r4-Serial4/0/1ip address ppp-negotiate

        4.3配置OSPF和RIP

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.255
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 1 
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.2 0.0.0.255
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]a 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.63
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]a 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.63
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.64 0.0.0.63
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.128 0.0.0.63
[r6]ospf 1 router 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.64 0.0.0.63
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.127
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]a 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.128 0.0.0.63
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.127
[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-ospf-1]a 3    
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.127
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.3.128 0.0.0.127
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 8.8.8.8 0.0.0.0
[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]a 3  
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.3.128 0.0.0.127
[r9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.3]a 4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 9.9.9.9 0.0.0.0
[r10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-1]a 4
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 10.10.10.10 0.0.0.255
[r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.127
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.2.128 0.0.0.127
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 11.11.11.11 0.0.0.0
[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]a 2 
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.2.128 0.0.0.127[r12]rip 1
[r12-rip-1]version 2[r12-rip-1]undo summary
[r12-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0

         4.4OSPF和RIP间的双向重发布

[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
[r12]rip 1
[r12-rip-1]import-route ospf  1

        4.5OSPF多进程双向重发布

[r9]ospf 1 
[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[r9-ospf-1]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1

        4.6特殊区域配置

                R1、R2

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub [r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

                R3

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

                 R8、R9

[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]a 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

                R7

[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]a 3	
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

                 R11、R12

[r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]a 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

                 R6

[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

查看特殊区域Area1、Area2、Area3的LSDB 

        4.7 OSPF汇总

                ABR上配置域间汇总

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.3.0 24 null0

                ASBR上配置域外汇总

[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 10.0.0.0 255.255.252.0
[r12]ip route-static 10.0.0.0 22 null0

 

        4.8加快收敛缩短hello包时间

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ospf timer hello 5[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ospf timer hello 5[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ospf timer hello 5[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ospf timer hello 5[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ospf timer hello 5[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ospf timer hello 5

         4.9配置NAT和缺省路由

[r4]acl 2000
[r4-acl-basic-2000]rule 5 permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 
[r4-acl-basic-2000] rule 10 permit source 1.1.1.1 0 
[r4-acl-basic-2000] rule 15 permit source 2.2.2.2 0 
[r4-acl-basic-2000] rule 20 permit source 3.3.3.3 0 
[r4-acl-basic-2000] rule 25 permit source 8.8.8.8 0 
[r4-acl-basic-2000] rule 30 permit source 9.9.9.9 0 
[r4-acl-basic-2000] rule 35 permit source 10.10.10.10 0 ]
[r4-acl-basic-2000] rule 40 permit source 11.11.11.11 0 
[r4-acl-basic-2000] rule 45 permit source 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 
[r4-acl-basic-2000] rule 50 permit source 10.0.2.0 0.0.0.255 [r4-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 100.0.0.1
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 172.16.0.2[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 172.16.0.65[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 172.16.0.129[r10]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 172.16.4.1

五、结果验证

        R1到RIP、R10

         R1、R12、R10到公网



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