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uniapp 实现 ble蓝牙同时连接多台蓝牙设备，支持app、苹果(ios)和安卓手机，以及ios连接蓝牙后的一些坑

news 2024/11/16 12:50:13

首先对 uniapp BLE蓝牙API进行封装

这里我封装了一个类：bluetoothService.js

代码：

import { throttle } from 'lodash'
export default class Bluetooth {constructor() {this.device = {};this.connected = false;// 使用箭头函数绑定类实例的上下文，并在构造函数中初始化// 你可以在这里传入蓝牙信息进行保存this.throttledUpdate = throttle(async (params) => {// 多设备上传数据建议做下节流处理console.log(params)}}, 700); // 节流: 规定时间内最多更新一次}init() {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {uni.openBluetoothAdapter({success: (res) => {resolve(res)console.log("初始化成功", res)},fail: (err) => {console.log("初始化失败：", err)reject(err)},})})}closeBluetoothAdapter() {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {uni.closeBluetoothAdapter({success: (res) =>  {resolve(res)},fail: (err) => {reject(err)}})})}searchDevices() {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {uni.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({success: () => {console.log('开始搜索蓝牙设备');uni.onBluetoothDeviceFound((res) => {if (res.devices[0]?.name.startsWith("SW")) { // 过滤条件只获取含SW开头名称的蓝牙，大家按需修改修改console.log(res)// 这里是设备，这里扫描到的设备，可以保存起来resolve(res.devices)}});},fail: (err) => {console.error('搜索蓝牙设备失败：', err);reject(err)},});})}stopSearchDevices() {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {uni.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({success: () => {console.log('停止搜索蓝牙设备');resolve('停止搜索蓝牙设备')},fail: (err) => {console.error('停止搜索蓝牙设备失败：', err);reject(err);}});})}connect(deviceId) {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {uni.createBLEConnection({deviceId: deviceId,success: (res) => {this.device.deviceId = deviceId;this.connected = true;resolve(res)},fail: (err) => {console.error('蓝牙连接失败：', deviceId, err); // 处理连接失败reject(err)},complete: () => {// uni.hideLoading();this.stopSearchDevices()}});});}// 断开连接disconnect() {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {if (this.connected) {uni.closeBLEConnection({deviceId: this.device.deviceId,success: () => {this.connected = false;this.device = {};resolve();},fail: (err) => {reject(err);}});} else {resolve();}});}// 监听蓝牙连接状态listenBLEStateChange() {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {uni.onBLEConnectionStateChange((res) => {console.log(`device ${res.deviceId} state has changed, connected: ${res.connected}`);if (res.connected) {this.connected = true;resolve(res);} else {this.connected = false;reject(res)}});});}// 获取服务UUIDgetServices() {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {uni.getBLEDeviceServices({deviceId: this.device.deviceId,success: (res) => {console.log('获取服务成功：', res.services);// 这里你们需要根据你们的设备修改// this.device.serviceId = res.services[2]?.uuid;this.device.serviceId = uni.getSystemInfoSync().platform === "android" ? res.services[2]?.uuid : res.services[1]?.uuid;resolve(res)},fail: (err) => {console.error('获取服务失败：', err);reject(err)},});})}getCharacteristics() {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {uni.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({deviceId: this.device.deviceId,serviceId: this.device.serviceId,success: (res) => {console.log('获取特征值成功：', res);// 找到对应的特征值UUIDres.characteristics.forEach((item) => {if (item.properties.notify === true) {this.device.characteristicsNotify = item.uuid // 监听特征}if (item.properties.write === true) {this.device.characteristicsWrite = item.uuid // 写入特征}})resolve(this.device)},fail: (err) => {console.error('获取特征值失败：', err);reject(err)// 处理获取特征值失败},});})}// 开启监听startNotify() {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {uni.notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange({state: true,deviceId: this.device.deviceId,serviceId: this.device.serviceId,characteristicId: this.device.characteristicsNotify,success: () => {this.listenBLEStateChange(); // 监听蓝牙状态resolve(this.device);},fail: (err) => {console.error('开启notify失败：', err);},});})}// 接收数据receiveData() {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {uni.onBLECharacteristicValueChange((res) => {console.log("蓝牙上传的数据:", this.ab2hex(res.value))resolve(this.ab2hex(res.value));});});}// 发送数据sendData(data) {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {if (this.connected) {uni.writeBLECharacteristicValue({deviceId: this.device.deviceId,serviceId: this.device.serviceId,characteristicId: this.device.characteristicsWrite,value: data,success: () => {resolve(this.device);},fail: (err) => {console.log("蓝牙指令写入失败:", err)reject(err);}});} else {reject('蓝牙未连接');}});}// 监听信号listenRSSI(deviceId, receiveData) {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {uni.getBLEDeviceRSSI({deviceId: deviceId,success: (res) => {resolve(res.RSSI);},fail: (err) => {console.error("获取 RSSI 失败：", err);reject(err);}});});}ab2hex(buffer) {// ArrayBuffer转16进度字符串示例const hexArr = Array.prototype.map.call(new Uint8Array(buffer), function (bit) {return ("00" + bit.toString(16)).slice(-2)})return hexArr.join("").toUpperCase()}delay(ms) {return new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, ms));}}

同时连接多台蓝牙设备的连接操作方法：

// 封装异步操作函数(uniapp连接蓝牙获取服务需要延迟, 否则会出现无法获取服务情况)   
async connectAndConfigureDevice(deviceId) {try {const bluetooth = new Bluetooth()await bluetooth.connect(deviceId)await bluetooth.delay(1000)await bluetooth.getServices()await bluetooth.delay(1000)await bluetooth.getCharacteristics()await bluetooth.delay(1000)await bluetooth.startNotify()await bluetooth.delay(1000)bluetooth.receiveData()return bluetooth} catch (err) {console.log(err); // 连接出现错误}},async doConnect() {// deviceList 是你保存的每个蓝牙设备信息的数组if (this.deviceList.length > 0) {// 循环连接每个设备for (const device of this.deviceList) {const bluetooth = await this.connectAndConfigureDevice(device.deviceId); // 传入deviceId进行连接if (bluetooth) {console.log("连接成功"); // 这里可以把每个连接成功蓝牙实例(bluetooth)的信息保存起来，建议保存到vuex中，方便后续对某个蓝牙设备的操作}}}}},

ios有一个坑，需要配置后台运行能力，否则切换后台蓝牙会暂停数据上传

这是由于ios系统限制导致的，需要配置后台运行能力，在Hbuilderx中配置即可，如下图