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学习threejs，添加户外光照光源

news 2025/3/14 15:38:34

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👨‍⚕️ 收录于专栏：threejs gis工程师

文章目录

一、🍀前言
二、🍀添加户外光照光源
- 1. ☘️实现思路
- 2. ☘️代码样例

一、🍀前言

本文详细介绍如何基于threejs在三维场景中添加户外光照光源，亲测可用。希望能帮助到您。一起学习，加油！加油！

二、🍀添加户外光照光源

1. ☘️实现思路

1、初始化renderer渲染器
2、初始化Scene三维场景
3、初始化camera相机，定义相机位置 camera.position.set，设置相机方向camera.lookAt
4、初始化THREE.DirectionalLight平行光源，scene场景加入平行光，初始化THREE.HemisphereLight户外光照光源，设置户外光照光源位置，设置设置投掷阴影为true，scene添加平行光源
5、初始化gui工具，定义控制灯光和投影的函数
6、加载几何模型：创建SphereGeometry球体、BoxGeometry立方体、PlaneGeometry地面几何体以及AxisHelper辅助工具坐标系，Scene场景加入以上几何体和工具。
7、加入controls控制，加入stats监控器，监控帧数信息

2. ☘️代码样例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>learn15(户外光照光源)</title><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/build/three.js"></script><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/controls/OrbitControls.js"></script><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/libs/stats.min.js"></script><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/libs/dat.gui.min.js"></script>
</head>
<style>body {margin: 0;}canvas {width: 100%;height: 100%;display: block;}
</style>
<body onload="draw()">
</body>
<script>var renderervar initRender = () => {renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true})renderer.shadowMap.enabled = truerenderer.shadowMap.type = THREE.PCFSoftShadowMaprenderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement)}var scenevar initScene = () => {scene = new THREE.Scene()}var cameravar initCamera = () => {camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 0.1, 1000)camera.position.set(0, 40, 100)camera.lookAt(new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, 0))}var hemiLight, directionalLightvar initLight = () => {// 天空颜色、地面颜色、光强, 户外光源hemiLight = new THREE.HemisphereLight(0x0000ff, 0x00ff00, 0.3)hemiLight.position.set(0, 500, 0)scene.add(hemiLight)directionalLight = new THREE.DirectionalLight('#ffffff')directionalLight.position.set(-40, 60 - 10)directionalLight.shadow.camera.near = 20directionalLight.shadow.camera.far = 200directionalLight.shadow.camera.left = -50directionalLight.shadow.camera.right = 50directionalLight.shadow.camera.top = 50directionalLight.shadow.camera.bottom = -50directionalLight.shadow.mapSize.width = 1024directionalLight.shadow.mapSize.height = 1024directionalLight.castShadow = truescene.add(directionalLight)}var guivar initGui = () => {gui = {directionalLight: "#ffffff", //点光源directionalLightIntensity: 1, //灯光强度visible: true, //是否可见castShadow: true,exponent: 30,target: "plane",debug: false,groundColor: "#00ff00",skyColor: "#0000ff",hemiLightIntensity: 0.3}var datGui = new dat.GUI()datGui.addColor(gui, 'skyColor').onChange(e => {hemiLight.color = new THREE.Color(e)})datGui.addColor(gui, 'groundColor').onChange(e => {hemiLight.groundColor = new THREE.Color(e)})datGui.add(gui, 'hemiLightIntensity', 0, 1).onChange(e => {hemiLight.intensity = e})datGui.addColor(gui, 'directionalLight').onChange(e => {directionalLight.color = new THREE.Color(e)})datGui.add(gui, 'visible').onChange(e => {directionalLight.visible = e})datGui.add(gui, 'castShadow').onChange(e => {directionalLight.castShadow = e})datGui.add(gui, 'debug').onChange(e => {if (e) {var debug = new THREE.CameraHelper(directionalLight.shadow.camera)debug.name = 'debug'scene.add(debug)} else {var debug = scene.getObjectByName('debug')scene.remove(debug)}})}var statsvar initStats = () => {stats = new Stats()document.body.appendChild(stats.dom)}var controlsvar initControls = () => {controls = new THREE.OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement)controls.enableDamping = true}var cube, sphere, planevar initModel = () => {var helper = new THREE.AxisHelper(10)scene.add(helper)var sphereGeometry = new THREE.SphereGeometry(10, 30, 30)var sphereMaterial = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({color: 0xeeeeee})var sphere = new THREE.Mesh(sphereGeometry, sphereMaterial)sphere.position.set(-20, 20, 0)sphere.castShadow = truescene.add(sphere)var cubeGeometry = new THREE.BoxGeometry(10, 10, 10)var cubeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color: 0x00ffff})var cube = new THREE.Mesh(cubeGeometry, cubeMaterial)cube.position.set(30, 5, -5)cube.castShadow = truescene.add(cube)var planeGeometry = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(5000, 5000, 20, 20)var planeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color: 0xaaaaaa})plane = new THREE.Mesh(planeGeometry, planeMaterial)plane.rotation.x = -0.5 * Math.PIplane.position.y = -0plane.receiveShadow = truescene.add(plane)}var render = () => {renderer.render(scene, camera)}var onWindowResize = () => {camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innercamera.updateProjectionMatrix()render()renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)}var animate = () => {render()stats.update()controls.update()requestAnimationFrame(animate)}var draw = () => {initGui()initRender()initScene()initCamera()initLight()initModel()initStats()initControls()animate()window.onresize = onWindowResize}
</script>
</html>